Ces Urol 2023, 27(1):29-35 | DOI: 10.48095/cccu2023006

Obesity and risk of prostate cancer

Igor Hartmann, Milan Král, Šárka Kudláčková

Urologická klinika Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc

Hartmann I, Král M, Kudláčková Š. Obesity and risk of prostate cancer.

Aim: Obesity, as one of the most common diseases of civilization, which has a huge impact on the overall health status of the population. The increased morbidity and mortality of obese patienets is due to obesity itself and also due to the increased incidence of diseases that are not directly related to obesity, and yet their occurrence is more frequent in obese patients. Our aim was to demonstrate this association in obese patients with prostate cancer, which could lead tothe modification of recommendations regarding the early diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Material and methods: we evaluated a set of 200 patients who underwent robotic radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer between December 2017 and April 2019. Age, preoperative PSA (prostatic specific antigen), prostate volume, BMI ( Body Mass Index ), positive family history, postoperative stage according to TNM classification, and risk of aggressive prostate cancer according to ISUP (International Society of Urological pathology) grade group were evaluated in these patients.

Results: In our group, 34 % of patients were overweight (BMI 25-30) and 52 % of patients were obese (BMI > 30). In patients with BMI over 30, the volume of the prostate was statistically significantly greater than in the group with BMI <30 (p=0.034). We didn´t confirm the relationship between BMI and PSA level (p=0.944). Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship between BMI and cancer aggressiveness. We didn´t confirm a statistically significant difference (p=0,995) between BMI and aggressive prostate cancer. When evaluating postoperative staging, locally advanced prostate carcinoma (pT3 stage) was more common in patients with a BMI over 30 (p=0,100).

Conclusion: Although the percentage of obese patients in the Czech Republic is considerable, we didn´t confirm a clear connection between aggressive prostate cancer and obesity.

Keywords: Obesity, overweight, aggressive prostate cancer, radical prostatectomy.

Received: February 20, 2023; Revised: March 13, 2023; Accepted: March 14, 2023; Prepublished online: March 14, 2023; Published: March 28, 2023