Ces Urol 2012, 16(2):83-91 | DOI: 10.48095/cccu2012015

Failure of local treatment of prostate cancer

Milan Král, Vladimír Študent
Urologická klinika LF UP a FN, Olomouc

Terapeutic options with curative intent in prostate cancer include radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy. In many patients, rising PSA after completing the local therapy is detected and this is a marker of disease persistence. This PSA increase is often the only evidence of cancer relaps which usually preceeds clinical manifestation by months or years. Based on parameters such time to biochemical relaps, PSA kinetics, clinical or even patological features (staging, grading), the physician has to differ, whether local or systemic relaps occurs. Regarding to the type of relaps, further treatment is indicated.

Keywords: prostate cancer, therapy failure, salvage therapy, PSA

Received: February 2, 2012; Accepted: March 30, 2012; Published: March 1, 2012 


References

  1. Caire AA, Sun L, Ode O, et al. Delayed prostate-specific antigen recurrence after radical prostatectomy: how to identify and what are their clinical outcomes? Urology 2009; 74(3): 643- 647. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  2. Pound CR, Partin AW, Eisenberger MA, et al. Natural history of progression after PSA elevation following radical prostatectomy. JAMA 1999; 281(17): 1591-1597. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  3. Freedland SJ, Humphreys EB, Mangold LA, et al. Risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality following biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. JAMA 2005; 294(4): 433-439. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  4. Guidelines EAU, Prostate cancer, v. 2-2011 (http://www.uroweb.org/gls/pdf/08_Prostate_Cancer%20September%2022nd%202011.pdf)
  5. Amling CL, Bergstralh EJ, Blute ML, Slezak JM, Zincke H. Defining prostate specific antigen progression after radical prostatectomy: what is the most appropriate cut point? J Urol 2001; 65(4): 1146-1151. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  6. Stephenson AJ, Kattan MW, Eastham JA, et al. Defining biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy: a proposal for a standardized definition. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24(24): 3973-3978. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  7. Veselý Š, Jarolím L, Babjuk M, Kaliská V, Schmidt M. Poměr PSA NADIR a času do PSA NADIR stanoveného ultrasenzitivním testem jako významný prediktor selháni radikální prostatektomie (abstrakt). Ces Urol 2010; 14(4): 247.
  8. Jarolím L, Veselý Š, Babjuk M, Schmidt M, Dušek P, Minárik I, Malinová B. Hodnota PSA před salvage radioterapií nižší než 0,2 ng/ml má větší šanci na úspěch léčby než hodnoty vyšší (abstrakt). Ces Urol 2011; 15(Suppl 2): 61.
  9. Eisenberg ML, Davies BJ, Cooperberg MR, Cowan JE, Carroll PR. Prognostic implications of an undetectable ultrasensitive prostate-specific antigen level after radical prostatectomy. Eur Urol 2010; 57(4): 622-629. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  10. Nguyen PL, D'Amico, Lee AK, Suh WW. Patient selection, cancer control, and complications after salvage local therapy for postradiation prostate-specific antigen failure: a systematic review of the literature. Cancer 2007; 110(7): 1417-1428. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  11. Castellucci P, Fuccio C, Rubello D, et al. Is there a role for <sup>1</sup><sup>1</sup>C-choline PET/CT in the early detection of metastatic disease in surgically treated prostate cancer patients with a mild PSA increase <1.5 ng/ml? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2011; 38(1): 55-63. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  12. Thoeny HC, Triantafyllou M, Studer UE, et al. Combined ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide-enhanced and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging reliably detect pelvic lymph node metastases in normal-sized nodes of bladder and prostate cancer patients. Eur Urol 2009; 55(4): 761-769. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  13. Harisinghani MG, Barentsz J, Hahn PF, et al. Noninvasive detection of clinically occult lymph-node metastases in prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2003; 348(25): 2491-2499. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  14. D'Amico AV, Chen MH, Sun L, et al. Adjuvant versus salvage radiation therapy for prostate cancer and the risk of death. BJU Int 2010; 106(11): 1618. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  15. Bolla M, van Poppel H, Collette L, et al. Postoperative radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy: a randomised controlled trial (EORTC trial 22911). Lancet 2005; 366: 572-578. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  16. Thompson IM Jr, Tangen CM, Paradelo J, et al. Adjuvant radiotherapy for pathologically advanced prostate cancer: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2006; 296(19): 2329-2335. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  17. Wiegel T, Bottke D, Steiner U, et al. Phase III postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy compared with radical prostatectomy alone in pT3 prostate cancer with postoperative undetectable prostate-specific antigen: ARO 96-02/AUO AP 09/95. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27(18): 2924-2930. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  18. Swanson GP, Hussey MA, Tangen CM, et al. Predominant treatment failure in postprostatectomy patients is local: analysis of patterns of treatment failure in SWOG 8794. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25(16): 2225-2229. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  19. Lawton CA, DeSilvio M, Roach M, et al. An update of the phase III trial comparing whole pelvic to prostate only radiotherapy and neoadjuvant to adjuvant total androgen suppression: updated analysis of RTOG 94-13, with emphasis on unexpected hormone/radiation interactions. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007; 69: 646. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  20. Pommier, P, Chabaud, S, Lagrange, JL, et al. Is there a role for pelvic irradiation in localized prostate adenocarcinoma? Preliminary results of GETUG-01. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 5366. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  21. Peterson JL, Buskirk SJ, Heckman MG, et al. Late toxicity after postprostatectomy salvage radiation therapy. Radiother Oncol 2009; 93: 203. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  22. Dvořáček J. Hormonální léčba karcinomu prostaty, její nová role a česká specialita. Ces Urol 2008; 12(3): 165-172.
  23. Shipley, WU, Hunt, D, Lukka, HR, et al. Initial report of RTOG 9601, a phase III trial in prostate cancer: Effect of anti-androgen therapy (AAT) with bicalutamide during and after radiation therapy (RT) on freedom from progression and incidence of metastatic disease in patients following radical prostatectomy (RP) with pT2-3,N0 disease and elevated PSA levels. J Clin Oncol 2011; 29(Suppl 7); abstract 1. Go to original source...
  24. Parker C, Sydes MR, Catton C, et al. Radiotherapy and androgen deprivation in combination after local surgery (RADICALS): a new Medical Research Council/National Cancer Institute of Canada phase III trial of adjuvant treatment after radical prostatectomy. BJU Int 2007; 99(6): 1376-1379. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  25. http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT00541047
  26. Ray ME, Thames HD, Levy LB, et al. PSA nadir predicts biochemical and distant failures after external beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a multi-institutional analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006; 64(4): 1140-1150. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  27. Crook JM, Choan E, Perry GA, Robertson S, Esche BA. Serum prostate-specific antigen profile following radiotherapy for prostate cancer: implications for patterns of failure and definition of cure. Urology 1998; 51(4): 566-572. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  28. Satoh T, Ishiyama H, Matsumoto K, et al. Prostate-specific antigen 'bounce' after permanent 125I-implant brachytherapy in Japanese men: a multi-institutional pooled analysis. BJU Int 2009; 103(8): 1064-1068. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  29. Bachand F, Martin AG, Beaulieu L, Harel F, Vigneault E. An eight-year experience of HDR brachytherapy boost for localized prostate cancer: biopsy and PSA outcome. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009; 73(3): 679-684. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  30. Zelefsky MJ, Ben-Porat L, Scher HI, et al. PSA state after definitive external-beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 826. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  31. Odrážka K, Doležel M, Vaňásek J, Vaculíková M, Zouhar M5, Šefrová J, PaluskaP, Vošmik M, Kohlová T, Kolářová I, Broďák M, Navrátil P, Prošvic P,Hoffmann P, Hafuda A. Chronická urinární toxicita a 3D-CRT a IMRT karcinomu prostaty. Ces Urol 2010; 14(3): 156-163.
  32. Stephenson AJ, Scardino PT, Bianco FJ, et al. Morbidity and functional outcomes of salvage radical prostatectomy for locally recurrent prostate cancer after radiation therapy. J Urol 2004; 172(6 Pt 1): 2239-2243. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  33. Heidenreich A, Richter S, Thüer D, et al. Prognostic parameters, complications, and oncologic and functional outcome of salvage radical prostatectomy for locally recurrent prostate cancer after 1st-century radiotherapy. Eur Urol 2010; 57(3): 437-443. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  34. Kaplan DJ, Crispen PL, Greenberg RE, et al. Residual prostate cancer after radiotherapy: a study of radical cystoprostatectomy specimens. Urology 2008; 72(3): 654-658. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  35. Pisters LL, Rewcastle JC, Donnelly BJ, et al. Salvage prostate cryoablation: initial results from the Crho on-line data registry. J Urol 2008; 180(2): 559-563. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  36. Finley DS, Belldegrun AS. Salvage cryotherapy for radiation-recurrent prostate cancer: outcomes and complications. Curr Urol Rep 2011; 12(3): 209-215. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  37. Pisters LL, Leibovici D, Blute M, et al. Locally recurrent prostate cancer after initial radiation therapy: a comparison of salvage radical prostatectomy versus cryotherapy. J Urol 2009; 182(2): 517-525; discussion 525-527. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  38. Moman MR, van der Poel HG, Battermann JJ, et al. Treatment outcome and toxicity after salvage 125 I implantation for prostate cancer recurrences after primary 125 I implantation and external beam radiotherapy. Brachytherapy 2010; 9(2): 119-125. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  39. Burri RJ, Stone NN, Unger P, et al. Long-term outcome and toxicity of salvage brachytherapy for local failure after initial radiotherapy for prostate. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol 2010; 77(5): 1338-1344. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  40. Murat FJ, Poissonnier L, Rabilloud M, et al. Mid-term results demonstrate salvage high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) as an effective and acceptably morbid salvage treatment option for locally radiorecurrent prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2009; 55(3): 640-647. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  41. Pinover WH, Horwitz EM, Hanlon AL, et al. Validation of a treatment policy for patients with prostate specific antigen failure after three-dimensional conformal prostate radiation therapy. Cancer 2003; 97(4): 1127-1133. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  42. Klayton TL, Ruth K, Buyyounouski MK, et al. PSA Doubling Time Predicts for the Development of Distant Metastases for Patients Who Fail 3DCRT Or IMRT Using the Phoenix Definition. Pract Radiat Oncol. 2011; 1(4): 235-242. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  43. Siddiqui SA, Boorjian SA, Blute ML, et al. Impact of adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy after radical prostatectomy on the survival of patients with pathological T3b prostate cancer. BJU Int 2011; 107(3): 383-388. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...





Web časopisu Česká urologie je určen pouze pro lékaře a odborníky
z oblasti medicíny nebo farmacie.



Beru na vědomí, že informace zveřejněné na těchto stránkách
nejsou určeny pro laickou veřejnost.



Odejít Vstoupit