Ces Urol X:X | DOI: 10.48095/cccu2025017

Evaluation of oncological outcomes using prognostic models in patients operated on for renal cancer – experience from a single center

Marek Kašík, Michal Fedorko

Urologická klinika LF MU a FN Brno

Major statement: This paper aims to evaluate the outcomes of patients who underwent surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma at the Department of Urology of the University Hospital Brno between 2014 and 2022 using the prognostic models.Objectives of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cohort of patients with surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma at our institution with regard to prognostic factors using the Leibovich and GRANT prognostic models.

Patients and methods: A retrospective evaluation was performed of baseline data of patients who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy at the Department of Urology, University Hospital Brno between 2014 and 2022. Patients were stratified into prognostic groups based on clinical and pathological characteristics included in commonly used prognostic models (Leibovich 2003 and GRANT score). Five-year progression-free survival was calculated for individual risk groups. Surgical complications were classified based on the need for surgical intervention or patient mortality, corresponding to Clavien-Dindo grade 3-5.

Results: Between 2014 and 2022, 482 patients with suspected renal tumor were operated on at our institution, of whom 312 were men (64.7%) and 170 were women (35.3%). In definitive histology, malignant findings were confirmed in 424 patients (87.9%), 58 findings were histologically benign (12.1%). Recurrence occurred in 35 patients with renal carcinoma, which corresponds to 8.3% of cases with a median interval of 33 months from surgery. The 5-year progression-free survival for the low, intermediate and high risk group according to the Leibovich model was 94.8; 89.6 and 63.2%, respectively. The 5-year progression-free survival according to the GRANT model was 94.1; 95.0 and 73.6% in the case of zero, one and two factors present, respectively.

Conclusion: Our analysis confirms the importance of using established prognostic models for renal cell carcinoma, such as the Leibovich and GRANT scores, in assessing the risk of recurrence and overall survival after surgical treatment. Both scoring systems have demonstrated their ability to differentiate between patients with favorable and unfavorable prognosis.

Keywords: partial nephrectomy – prognostic model – radical nephrectomy – renal cell carcinoma – risk factors

Received: May 15, 2025; Revised: July 2, 2025; Accepted: July 14, 2025; Prepublished online: August 21, 2025